Has over 5000 manuscripts that are fairly consistent with each other. 1828 Apr. To offer up-to-date evidence of this point, I have made a fresh comparison of the 1881 compilation and the current edition of the Nestle-Aland compilation, in the following (obviamente una continuacin del trabajo de los apstatas W&H). Sadly, it seems to go in and out of print, so what should a discerning Bible student use? Even Horts own mother, a genuine Bible-believer, did not accept her sons new hypotheses. The SBL text was initially based off of the 1885 Westcott and Hort text which was brought up to modern orthographic standards. Nestle-Aland - 1993 - Twenty Seventh Edition United Bible Societies - 1983 - Fourth Edition Von Soden, Freiherr - 1902 Affected Teachings James 5:16 has been changed from faults to sins in the modern versions. The controversy over which English Bible to use all started with Westcott and Hort (who secretly held to heretical beliefs). But Im sure its still out there. If spelling/orthographical differences occurred between either what appeared in Stephens 1550 vs. Nestle-Aland 26 or between W-H vs. Nestle-Aland 26, the orthography was conformed to that found in the Nestle-Aland 26th edition. Some improvements can be made to these critical texts because the editors of the 26th to 28th editions of the Nestle-Aland text made revisions setting the text further apart from the Westcott and Hort text of 1881. The "standard" text or texts today are the Nestle or Nestle-Aland text (1st edition, 1898; 27th edition, 1993) and/or the various editions of The Greek New Testament published by the United Bible Societies (1st edition, 1966; 4th edition, 1993). W&H Heretics. It is 536 pages in all. evidence in our quest to ascertain the original wording of the Virtually the same Greek text of Westcott and Hort (1881) has been used for almost all of the modern versions and perversions. In 1898 Eberhard Nestle, who had helped translate the Westcott & Hort's Greek text into English, "updated" it and re-published it as the "Nestle Greek New Testament". Im not a big fan of the font used on the site, but since it is Unicode you can change it to another Unicode font if you copy and paste the text. The last two editions of each of these sport an identical text, a new received text, so to speak. It is true that the Westcott-Hort text is part of the heritage of both the Nestle texts and the UBS texts. Also called the Byzantine text type or the M-text. They had their own agenda and decided to make a new version of the Greek New Testament. The Nestle-Aland and U.B.S. This is Westcott and Horts canon 9. (Westcott & Hort) My Recommendations. BGB New Testament - Greek Bible The New Testament of the Bible was written in Greek because Greek was the linga franca, or common language, of the Roman Empire. THE WESTCOTT AND HORT ONLY CONTROVERSY. Brent Tilley. Many will directly claim that the TR is the M-Text, or will say that the TR represents the vast majority of Greek manuscripts. Neither of these are true statements. The 28th Edition of the Nestle-Aland with its unreached critical apparatus marks the standard and globally preeminent reference among Greek New Testament editions. ANSWER: Two unsaved Bible critics. claims to be based on the Nestle-Aland Greek Text, which is similar to the Westcott-Hort text because it is also based on the Alexandarian Greek texts. They both unreservedly rejected the Westcott-Hort Theory and the handful of corrupt manuscripts they promoted because the oldest were the best. The fact is that the Westcott-Hort text represents the first widely-accepted departure from the Received Text in the post-Reformation era, and the modern English versions descend directly from the W-H text. EXPLANATION: Brook Foss Westcott (1825-1903) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) were two non-Christian Anglican ministers. ISBN 0802840981. This version is now in the public domain due to copyright expiration. The 4 th edition of the UBS Greek New Testament and the 27 th edition of Nestles Novum Testamentum Graece are the same exact Greek text and they also follow the Westcott and Hort Greek text. The New Testament in the Original Greek is a Greek-language version of the New Testament published in 1881. The Aland rules generally follow the Westcott & Hort rules with one major difference. It is extremely common for King James Only advocates to conflate the Majority Text (M-Text) with the Textus Receptus (TR), or the tradition of printed Greek texts behind the King James Version. If it says, Westcott & Hort or Nesle Aland Greek Text, they are based on the Minority, critical, or Sinaiticus and Vaticanus texts. Together, they produced The New Testament in the Original Greek, one of the earliest examples of modern textual criticism. Others -- notably those of Westcott and Hort and the United Bible Societies -- have exercised great influence. If Ive confused you with all these options, heres what I recommend for a beginning student. The 1881 WH Greek NT This justly famous and widely influential nineteenth-century edition of the Greek New Testament was one of the key texts used in the creation of the original Nestle text 1 and was used as the initial basis R. C. Briggs, Interpreting the New Testament Today: An Introduction to Methods and Issues in the Study of the New Testament (Nashville: Abingdon, 1982). This is the Greek New Testament edited by B. F. Westcott and F. J. It is a critical text, compiled from some of the oldest New Testament fragments and This is 934 words more than were omitted from the Westcott and Hort text. Reply. A. Hort and first published in 1881, with numerous reprints in the century since. Samples, Gil L. Greek texts and English translations of the Bible: a comparison and contrast of the Textus Receptus Greek New Testament of the 16th century and the Alexandrian text of Westcott and Hort (19th century) and Aland and Metzger (20th century) concerning variant texts that pertain to the orthodox Christology of the Wilbur N. Pickering: The two most popular manual editions of the text today, Nestles-Aland and U.B.S. 2. American Standard Version. And it does so in an elegantly simple way. They are found in the Critical Text published in the twenty-sixth edition of the Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament (N) and in the United Bible Societies third edition (U), hence the acronym, "NU-Text." (Some quotes below are found in graceway.org). The Alexandrian Text is highly used in these editions. So you're really getting three Greek texts in one. The Westcott-Hort Greek text is very significant and its editors are highly significant to the history of textual criticism. Also called the Alexandrian text type, W-H text, or Eclectic text. Ideally, a critical edition will include an apparatus supplying information about how the readings were decided upon. Moorman counted every word of the Received Greek Text and also every word of the Nestle/Aland Greek Text and, on a chapter by chapter count, came up with the Nestle/Aland text being SHORTER than the Received Text by 2,886 words. This is 934 words more than were omitted from the Westcott and Hort text. (1,952 vs. 2,886). Since its publication in 1881, Westcott and Horts work has proved to be impressively accurate, though far from perfect. 1851 Dec. 21st - Westcott ordained "priest" in Church of England. Download Greek Font. ASV. Bruce M. Metzger, The Text of the New Testament (Oxford Press, 1992). 2. 1901. Scores of other scholars have come to the same conclusion. 57 Philip W. Comfort, The Complete Guide to Bible Versions(Wheaton, IL: Living Books, 1996), 86. 23rd - Fenton John Anthony Hort born at Dublin. If Westcott-Hort had not been so successful in selling their text to the English revision committee, time would have generated a more complete review of their method before it became entrenched, and it may never have received wide acceptance. texts are now identical. V. What You Have to Believe to Accept the Westcott and Hort Theory The Majority Text and the Original Text: Are They Identical? Thank you Gary for a very, very appropriate article that looks into this Textus Receptus vs Critical Text argument. The thing to see is that the text of 100 years ago (i.e., in 1980, the text of 1881, Hort s compilation) is barely different from the text being published as the 28th edition of Novum Testamentum Graece. TEXTO DE NESTLE-ALAND. American King James Version. Westcott and Hort relied heavily on what they called the neutral family of texts, which involved the renowned fourth-century vellum Vaticanus and Sinaiticus manuscripts. They considered it quite decisive whenever these two manuscripts agreed, particularly when reinforced by other ancient uncial manuscripts. American King James Version. Moorman counted every word of the Received Greek Text and also every word of the Nestle/Aland Greek Text and, on a chapter by chapter count, came up with the Nestle/Aland text being SHORTER than the Received Text by 2,886 words. theology. The Readers Edition: The Greek New Testament (UBS5) As a result of Westcott and Horts work, their Critical Text became the standard Greek text used for modern interpretation and translation for nearly two generations. Textual scholars use the abbreviations "WH" or "WHNU". I have no reason to doubt the Alands' report on the history of the Nestle-Aland edition, and therefore it is just as wrong to say that the old Nestle-Aland text was that of Tischendorf, or Weiss, than to say it was that of Westcott-Hort. 1901. Its Textus-Receptus based, ignoring the corrupt Westcott-Hort (also known as UBS or Nestle-Aland) text. [31] Bruce Metzger was an expert in Greek. (1,952 vs. 2,886). Read the UBS section above for more details regarding these differences. Some improvements can be made to these critical texts because the editors of the 26th to 28th editions of the Nestle-Aland text made revisions setting the text further apart from the Westcott and Hort text of 1881. The Nestle-Aland Greek text is based on what biblical textual scholars refer to as the "critical text". and the Nestle (and Nestle-Aland) versions of this greek text still state, usually in the opening footnote at the bottom of page 1, that this supposed NEW Nestle (or Nestle-Aland) Greek text is based on Westcott and Hort, and / or the text of Tischendorf (which is Codex Sinaiticus). 2: Introduction [and] Appendix (Cambridge: Macmillan, 1881). The Authorized Version (KJV 1611) is based upon the TR [primarily the printed text of Stephens (1550 ed)]. They differ in the amount of detail in the textual notes. Eberhard Nestl y Kurt Aland, eran escpticos telogos alemanes, de corte racionalista, evolucionista y liberal. ISBN 0687193273. Since the 1967 Scofield isnt always available, I obtained a Scofield III KJV ( ISBN 978-0-19-527850-7 ) to see if its as good as its predecessor. Apr. Bruce Metzger has said the Erasmus Johannine comma story has no evidence. Greek New Testaments such as these produced the modern English translations of the Bible we have today. 1: Text; vol. They derived it primarily from two manuscripts, the Vaticanus (designated as Codex B) and the Sinaiticus (designated as Codex Aleph); and of these two, they leaned much more heavily on Codex B. Far beyond what Westcott and Hort changed, the Nestle-Aland and United Bible Society's extremely-annotated many-edition Greek Bible lists thousands of variants covering almost every verse. However, in 1881 scholars Westcott and Hort published a new Greek New Testament text that included the findings of Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus. Kurt Aland and Barbara Aland, The Text of the New Testament (Eerdmans, 1995). Sorry I lost my old computer with the bookmarks, cant find it on my tablet. If the text isn't displayed correctly, we'll recommend you to install the special SBL-Greek font. Riplinger speaks much on this subject and also aligns them with the New Age movement. (Tischendorf, Westcott/Hort, and Weymouth; the last mentioned was replaced by the edition of B. Weiss in 1901). Since then, many editions of the Greek New Testament have been published. Fully steeped in the Alexandrian philosophy that "there is no perfect Bible", they had a vicious distaste for the King James Bible and its Antiochian Greek text, the Textus Receptus. Basicallyand as with all textual criticism its a mite more complicated than thisit polls the four New Testament texts of 1) Tregelles, 2) Westcott-Hort, 3) Robinson-Pierpont, and 4) Nestle-Aland* and lets you know at any given variant which editions have what. - Westcott and Hort agree upon plan of a joint revision of the text of the Greek Testament. (United Bible Society) really vary little from the WH [Westcott & Hort] text. The Greek source is documented for all renderings, with the following major sources being considered: Nestle, SBL, and Nestle Aland 28th Edition, Textus Receptus, Byzantine, Greek Orthodox, Tischendorf, Westcott and Hort, as well as a variety of manuscripts on which these critical texts are based. Greek NT: How to choose a Greek New Testament Interview with Dr. Greg However, the origin of this debate can be traced back to a publication by Westcott and Hort in 1881. You can get the font free of charge here. American Standard Version. The battle for the God's Word is now between the Greek words (7.1%) where the versions disagree --- the variants. UH OH SPAGHETTI-O'S! 1. In view of the preceding ten grossly erroneous statements on the subject of New Testament Greek Manuscript Differences, I appeal to you to help our Bible For Today ministry to re-print Dr. Jack Moorman's book entitled: "8,000 Differences Between the Textus Receptus and the Nestle-Aland NT Greek Texts." For our purposes here, the term textus receptus means the 1550 edition of the Greek New Testament published by Robertus Stephanus. Modern English. Answer (1 of 21): I see some people are trying to answer this question but dont understand it. Brooke Westcott and Fenton Hort were 19th-century theologians and Bible scholars. Modern English. This version is now in the public domain due to copyright expiration. Riplinger, pg 625. If you want to know why you should reject the Nestle-Aland Text (which is basically that of Westcott & Hort) get a copy of The Revision Revised by John William Burgon and you will know the truth about the texts. Masoretic Text, Westcott and Hort 1881 and Tregelles 1857. 23rd - Fenton John Anthony Hort born at Dublin. Ambroses fifth and final canon matches Westcott and Horts canon 6: That reading out of several is to be chosen, from which all the rest may have been derived, although it could not be derived from any of them. In other words, the reading that best explains all the others is probably original. Westcott and Hort, and Weymouth. Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament. Moorman counted every word of the Received Greek Text and also every word of the Nestle/Aland Greek Text and, on a chapter by chapter count, came up with the Nestle/Aland text being SHORTER than the Received Text by 2,886 words. Luego en 1950 Kurt Aland, considered: SBL, Nestle Aland, Byzantine, Greek Orthodox, Tischendorf, Textus Receptus, Westcott and Hort, Nestle, as well as a variety of manuscripts on which the critical texts are based. The Greek text underlining the so-called King James Version is known as the Textus Receptus (or Received Text), the corrupt Greek text used by Westcott and Hort is today known as the Nestle-Aland Text. For instance, Westcott and Hort promoted the idea that the text of the Bible should be treated like any other ancient book. Then they created the Nestle-Aland (NA) and the United Bible Societies(UBS) Greek New Testaments, which are based on the Westcott-Hort Greek Text. Date of Publication. The Nestle text (1979), though it largely corresponds with the Westcott-Hort text, differs from it in 551 places. The fourth edition of the UBS text and the 27th edition of Nestle-Alands text are now identical. (such as the Nestle's text and the United Bible Society's text). The Westcott-Hort text (1881) departs furthest from the TR. They sought out contact with the spiritual world (talking with the dead, etc.). The UBS3 text, which is also shared by the 26 and 27th editions of Nestle-Aland, was prepared by a committee. Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) ASV. This text was then compared with the 2005 Byzantine Textform text, the 1857 Tregelles text, and the Greek text that was used by the New International Version (NIV). The 1881 WH Greek NT The Alexandrian priority text types as manifested in the 4 th edition of the Nestle-Aland Greece NT (N) and the UBS (U), the NU 4rt Not only does this volume contain Westcott and Hort's groundbreaking Alexandrian text, the page-by-page comparison apparatus shows all differences between this Greek text, the Nestle-Aland text, and the Robinson-Pierpont Byzantine text. Conclusions of Aland-Nestle text-type are below, at, and above the averages. Westcott & Hort (W & H) despised the KJV and the Textus Receptus. The vast majority of evangelical scholars hold that the basic textual theories of Westcott and Hort were right and the church stands greatly in their debt. The Alexandarian texts are the Sinaiticus and Vaticanus. (1869-1872) B. Westcott & Hort: Editors. Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) Brooke Foss Westcott (an Anglican bishop and professor at Cambridge University) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (also an ordained priest and professor at Cambridge) produced a Greek New Testament in 1881 based on the findings of Tischendorf. I have seen one that was The Byzantine Text (Robinson), with all variants from Westcott and Hort, Nestle/Aland and either Stephens or Scriveners Textus Receptus. Westcott & Hort vs. Textus Receptus: Which is Superior? Ideally, a critical edition will include an apparatus supplying information about how the readings were decided upon. Apr. The NIV is said to be from a version of the Nestle-Aland Greek text. This was Kurt Alands assessment of P75, after many years of study. 1853 Jan.-Mar. This is a great Greek New Testament at a great price. Westcott rejected the historicity of Genesis 1 to 3. Hort praised Darwin and evolution. Both W&H also praised the Christian Socialist movement (and thus communism), and Westcott took active part in its organisation and work. Inevitably, both men advocated re-union with Rome. This is Nestle and Alands site for their Greek New Testament. 3500 - changes to content of the Bible, his own collation of the Greek New Testament . The differences between Nestle 1904 and Nestle-Aland 27th are about 700 [Kurt and Barbara Aland - The text of the New Testament: an introduction to the critical editions and to the theory and practice of modern textual criticism page 20]. In 295 (54%) of these places it returns to the readings of the TR. Here is a brief comparison: Majority Greek Text. - Westcott and Hort agree upon plan of a joint revision of the text of the Greek Testament. This was Westcotts and Hortsassessment of B [Codex Vaticanus], after twenty years of study. 1828 Apr. Other Versions/Texts. The Westcott and Hort text is much simpler to define. They started the Ghostly Guild in 1851 and before that the Hermes Club in 1845. Contrary to rumor, NA28 and UBS5 are not the same as the Westcott-Hort edition (1881). Westcott and Hort were spiritualists. Westcott and Hort form the basis for both the ever evolving Nestle-Aland text and the constantly changing United Bible Societies text. As weve noted in our Primer on Bible Translation, Nestle-Aland and UBS are different names for what remains essentially Westcott and Horts controversial work. The critical text is an eclectic text compiled by a committee that examines existing (extant) manuscripts in order to weigh and select which reading is thought closest to the lost original autographs. The Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece is the base-text of most major modern English versions of the New Testament. October 22, 2020 at 9:19 am The Christian Classics Ethereal Library with the Westcott-Hort GNT, (Unicode font) En 1898 Nestl, siguiendo el NT griego de Wescott & Hort, publica en NUEVO TESTAMENTO GRIEGO DE NESTLE. The editors of the 28th edition of NTG introduced 34 changes to the text, all in the General Epistles (James-Jude). The Greek source is documented for all renderings, with the following major sources being considered: Nestle, SBL, and Nestle Aland 28th Edition, Textus Receptus, Byzantine, Greek Orthodox, Tischendorf, Westcott and Hort, as well as a variety of manuscripts on which these critical texts are based. A. Tischendorf: Editors. Greek Bible text is displayed with unicode fonts that are installed on your system. They are the founding fathers of the Modern English Bible movement. The early Eberhard Nestle is the closest public domain Greek New Testament to NA27/UBS4. Since the text of the 27th edition of NTG was the same as the text in the 26th edition (published in 1979), this means that all of Masoretic Text, Westcott and Hort 1881 and Tregelles 1857. Returning to the specific texts, Westcott-Hort vs. the textus receptus: in truth, Ruckman is a nut and (b) so were Origen, Westcott, Hort, Nestle, and Aland. The NA28 is the standard international text for Bible scholars, while the UBS5 edition presents the text in a format more suitable for Bible translators. The current Nestle-Aland edition, in its 28th edition, abbreviated NA28, is 99.5 percent the same as Westcott and Horts 1881 edition, even with an enormous amount of manuscript discoveries and hundreds of world-renowned textual scholars that take us back to the second and third centuries C.E. As proof of this, you can turn back to pages 2-3 for seven quotes that tie the Westcott and Hort's Greek text to This text was then compared with the 2005 Byzantine Textform text, the 1857 Tregelles text, and the Greek text that was used by the New International Version (NIV). Westcott and Hort were heretics who hated scripture as Gods word, and hated the 1611 KJV, because it is closest to the original scriptures. When the New International Version is said to be one of the new Bible versions based upon the Westcott-Hort Greek text of 1881 someone will often argue that the NIV is not based on the Westcott-Hort. Ive copy/pasted the two rules that conflict just below: Westcott & Hort rule #9: Prefer readings in manuscripts that habitually contain better readings , which is more certain if its also an older manuscript and if it doesnt contain combinations of other variations ( as in rule #3 ). As stated above, the text of the Nestle-Aland editions match the UBS editions. #6 Conan, Apr 6, 2021. Dr. Phil Stringer This message was given at the 33rd Annual Meeting and Conference of the GraceWay BibleSociety meeting, Nestles-Aland and UBS (United Bible Society), differ very little from the Westcott and Hort text. It is also known as the Westcott and Hort text, after its editors Brooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort. M-Text. They had their own agenda and decided to make a new version of the Greek New Testament. (1,952 vs. 2,886). 2. These MSS have been deliberately altered so as to remove sound Christian doctrine. WESTCOTT AND HORT Westcott and Hort were two such men, upon whose work the Critical Text is largely based. This is 934 words more than were omitted from the Westcott and Hort text. Westcott and Hort. Westcott & Hort (W & H) despised the KJV and the Textus Receptus. Westcott-Hort Greek Text. These MSS are Gnostic in origin and, therefore, antichrist. Others -- notably those of Westcott and Hort and the United Bible Societies -- have exercised great influence. Sinaiticus was found in the trash at a religious site at the foot of Mount Sinai in A.D.1844. 1851 Dec. 21st - Westcott ordained "priest" in Church of England. Brooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort, The New Testament in the Original Greek, vol. Textus Receptus \u0026 Traditional Text preceeds the Critical Text (Westcott \u0026 Hort)! Rev. See: Westcott & Hort vs. Textus Receptus: Which is Superior? 1. Eberhard Nestle: In 1898 Nestle published the first edition of a new Greek testament, Novum Testamentum Greace, which combined the work of Westcott and Hort with that of Tischendorf. Codex Vaticanus, a 4th century document, was It worries me that the compilers of what is now the NA text (Westcott, Hort, Aland, Nestle, Martini, Metzger) are people we wouldn't trust to teach Sunday school but it's fine when it comes to textual criticism and our new testament. WESTCOTT AND HORT Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) produced a Greek New Testament in 1881 based on the findings of Tischendorf. The SBL text was initially based off of the 1885 Westcott and Hort text which was brought up to modern orthographic standards. 2. The second is Novum Testamentum Graece edited by Eberhard Nestle and Kurt Aland. The New Testament was written in Greek, and there are thousands of manuscripts to choose between. Rev. They derived it primarily from two manuscripts, the Vaticanus (designated as Codex B) and the Sinaiticus (designated as Codex Aleph); and of these two, they leaned much more heavily on Codex B. As it is, there are so many online articles that turn vitriolic on one side of the argument with many disparaging statements against Critical Text, especially the people who were behind it at the beginning, Wescott and Hort.. even till Aland & Nestle. In the course of the twentieth century, textual critics, Kurt Aland, Bruce Metzger, Cardinal Carlo Martini and others built on the works of Brooke Westcott and Fenton Hort and produced what is called the Nestle-Aland or United Bible In 1950, Kurt Aland, who had worked under Nestle, took it over and re-published it I have no reason to doubt the Alands' report on the history of the Nestle-Aland edition, and therefore it is just as wrong to say that the old Nestle-Aland text was that of Tischendorf, or Weiss, than to say it was that of Westcott-Hort. The simple fact is that the Nestle-Aland (a later edition of this work) is used by thousands of scholars and students around the world for the study of biblical history and N.T.